And smote himthus. In a mess of questions of good and evil, right and wrong, critical supporters of Iago (T.S. As hells from heaven. Analysis. Archetypes Archetypal criticism focuses on patterns in a literary work that commonly occur in other literary works. The example essays in Kibin's library were written by real students for real classes. PDF A Freudian Psychoanalysis on The Character, Othello Historical is basically know the background story before you making assumptions off the text, and to better understand text lookup time period close to the time like 1600's . The execution of his wit, hands, heart What makes Othello so unique structurally (and painful to witness) is that it is a tragedy built on a comic foundation. Othello is a complex play that deals with issues such as jealousy, gender, and race. First Cassio lands to deliver the news of Othellos marriage and, like the best man, supplies glowing praise for the groom and his bride; next Desdemona, accompanied by Iago and his wife, Emilia, enters but must await news of the fate of Othellos ship. A Christian Moor and general of the armies of Venice, Othello is an eloquent and physically powerful figure, respected by all those around him. A few names form a core of writers in English (including many Canadians)Martin Bickman, Albert Gelpi, Elliott Gose, Evelyn Hinz, Henry Murray, Barton L. St. Armand, Harold Schechter, and William Stein though no single figure has attracted the attention of academic literary specialists, and no persistent commonalities fuse into a recognizable school critics who draw on Jungs theories. Othello - Study Guide and Literary Analysis Source: Groden, Michael, and Martin Kreiswirth. Othello: Character List | SparkNotes Frye's work helped displace New Criticism as the major mode of analyzing literary texts . No single motive is relied on for long, and the gap between cause and effect, between the pettiness of Iagos grudges and the monstrousness of his behavior, prompted Samuel Taylor Coleridge in a memorable phrase to characterize Iagos motiveless malignity. There is in Iago a zest for villainy and a delight in destruction, driven more by his hatred and contempt for any who oppose his conception of jungle law than by a conventional naturalistic explanation based on jealousy or envy. The key to extremely detrimental jealousy lies within one's ability to recognize it or deny it. Van Meurss bibliography conveys the great variety of Jungian writings on literature even within one language, the increasingly recognized potential for further development and use of Jungs ideas, and the growth in numbers of literary scholars falling under the influence of Jung. Categories: Archetypal Criticism, Literary Criticism, Literary Theory, Myth Criticism, Psychoanalysis, Tags: Achetypes, Alchemy of Discourse: An Archetypal Approach to Language, Anatomy of Criticism, Archetypal Criticism, Archetypal feminist criticism, Archetypal Patterns in Poetry, Archetypal Psychology, Archetypal Theory, Archetypal Theory and Criticism, Archetypal Theory Criticism, Claude Levi-Strauss, Ernst Cassirer, Evangelos Christou, Francis Fergusson, Frazer, Gilbert Durand, Henri Corbin, Hermes and His Children, Hillman, Imagining: A Phenomenological Study, J. G. Frazer, J. G. Frazer The Golden Bough, James Hillman, Jessie Weston, Joseph Campbell, Jung and the Humanities: Toward a Hermeneutics of Culture., Jung's Psychology of the Unconscious, Jungian Approach to Literature, Leslie Fiedler, Literary Criticism, Literary Theory, Logos of the Soul, Maud Bodkin, Myth, Myth theory and crticism, New Polytheism, Northrop Frye, Philip Wheelwright, Psychoanalysis, Rafael Lopez-Pedraza, Richard Chase, Spring Journal, Spring: A Journal of Archetype and Culture, Spring: An Annual of Archetypal Psychology and Jungian Thought, The Golden Bough, The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion, Alchemy of Discourse: An Archetypal Approach to Language. Essays may be lightly modified for readability or to protect the anonymity of contributors, but we do not edit essay examples prior to publication. This article, then, treats the only form of literary theory and criticism consistent with and derived directly from the psychological principles advanced by Jung. So much I challenge that I may profess Shakespeare shifts the action from Venice to Cyprus. The tragic protagonist must make a fall from a high state of being to a low state or death. 1: 4), but he distinguishes his concept and use of the term from that of philosophical idealism as being more empirical and less metaphysical, though most of his empirical data were dreams. In Re-Visioning Psychology, the published text of his 1972 Yale Terry Lectures (the same lecture series Jung gave in 1937), Hillman locates the archetypal neither in the physiology of the brain, the structure of language, the organization of society, nor the analysis of behavior, but in the processes of imagination (xi). The fulfillment of the wedding night that should come at the climax of the comedy is relocated to act 2, with the aftermath of the courtship and the wedding now taking center stage. Not with vain thanks, but with acceptance bounteous, Farewell / Commend me to my kind lord. My soul hath content so absolute Othello is generally regarded as Shakespeares greatest stage play, the closest he would ever come to conforming to the constrained rules of Aristotelian tragedy. Desdemona is oblivious to what is going on around her and stays loyal to her morals but Iagos rumours lure Othello to thinking otherwise. Macbeth) in the essay title portion of your citation. The movie Zootopia uses animals to portray racism and sexism; predators do not like prey and vice versa. The three women are Desdemona, Emilia, and Bianca. The tragedy of Othello, written by William Shakespeare, presents the main character Othello, as a respectable, honorable, and dignified man, but because of his insecurities and good nature, he is easily taken advantage of and manipulated by his peers and alleged friends. Abstract. Feminist Criticism In Othello - 1360 Words - Internet Public Library The Shakespearean tragedy Othello contains a number of themes; their relative importance and priority is debated by literary critics. Issues of genre, period, and language were ignored or subjected to gross generalization as Jung searched for universals in texts as disparate as the fourth-century Shepherd of Hermas, the Divine Comedy, Francesco Colonnas Hypnerotomachia Poliphili (1499), E. T. A. Hoffmans tales, Pierre Benoits LAtlantide (1919-20), and Henry Wadsworth Longfellows Hiawatha, as well as works by Carl Spitteler and William Blake. : In this quote, Othello is stating that his wife's supposed infidelity has ruined his name and turned it "black" and dirty like his own face, showing that a woman's fidelity was linked to a man's honor. Reading example essays works the same way! They were built to defen the city of Nicosia during the Otto-man Venetian war. "Who can control his fate?" And despite frequently perceptive readings, the work is marred by the characteristic limitless expansionism and psychological utilitarianism of her interpretive scheme. Twere now to be most happy, for I fear Carl Jung & Archetypal Criticism - SlideServe Iago: My friend is dead. Confirmation of this theory was Jungs reading of Faust: part 1 was psychological; part 2, visionary.. That such a man should fall so far and so fast gives the play an almost unbearable momentum. Olympus-high, and duck again as low This heuristic distinction was formed, however, solely on psychobiographical grounds: Did the text originate in, and remain principally shaped by, the authors experience of consciousness and the personal unconscious or his or her experience at the level of the archetypal collective unconscious? Then must you speak In archetypal criticism, under the reductive method of analysis, a critic, while elucidating a text, moves from the particular truth to the general truth. Herbert Read, Michael Fordham, and Gerhard Adler, 20 vois., 1953-79), Letters (trans. Egypt) and titles (e.g. Here are some examples of archetype in Shakespearean works: Lover: Romeo ("Romeo and Juliet"), Juliet ("Romeo and Juliet"), Antony ("Antony and Cleopatra") Hero: Othello ("Othello"), Hamlet . However, in William Shakespeare's Othello, Emilia's character portrays three completely different archetypes and they all come through in strategical places. My life and education both do learn me During the play Iago manipulates Othello because Lieutenant Cassio was promoted ahead of him, and also because he suspects that Othello has had an affair with his wife. However, Othello's words give a deeper insight into how he still misunderstands the situation. An archetype criticism of othello, a play by william shakespeare. His works range from ingenious poems, such as Fear No More, to plays, such as The Tragedy of Othello. His imagination is excited to intense activity, but it is the activity of concentration rather than dilation. As mine own face. These archetypalists, focusing on the imaginaland making central the concept that in English they call soul, assert their kinship with Semiotics and Structuralism but maintain an insistent focus on psychoid phenomena, which they characterize as meaningful. Desdemona finally, dramatically appears before the senate to support Othellos account of their courtship and to balance her obligation to her father and now to her husband based on the claims of love: My noble father, In the beginning of the play, Othello is seen as content with his new bride: For know, Iago, But that I love the gentle Desdemona (1.2.24-25). As he attempts to carry out his execution of Desdemona, she for the first time realizes his charges against her and his utter delusion. From the moment when the temptation of the hero begins, the readers heart and mind are held in a vice, experiencing the extremes of pity and fear, sympathy and repulsion, sickening hope and dreadful expectation. You elements that clip us round about, Aristotles second requirement for a tragedy is that the tragic hero must have a reversal of fortune. Archetypal Criticism - SlideShare The critical annotations are astute and, given their brevity, surprisingly thorough and suggestive. Moreover, Shakespeare, by deliberately clouding the issue of Iagos motive, finds ever more sinister threats in such a characters apparently bottomless and unmerited hatred and capacity for evil. Despite this, Desdemona continued to stay true to Othello. Myth criticism grew in part as a reaction to the formalism of New Criticism, while archetypal criticism based on Jung was never linked with any academic tradition and remained organically bound to its roots in depth psychology: the individual and collective psyche, dreams, and the analytic process. http://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-archetype-criticism-of-othello-a-play-by-william-shakespeare-yJF4zltX Be sure to capitalize proper nouns (e.g. While adding to the tone of the story it also adds to the characters overall personality from the reader's perspective.